Device for Changing AC Voltage

A device for changing AC (alternating current) voltage is typically called a transformer. Here's a brief overview of how transformers work and the different types of transformers:

1. Transformer Basics: A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more coils (windings) through electromagnetic induction. It can step up (increase) or step down (decrease) the voltage of an AC supply.

2. Core: Transformers usually have a magnetic core made of ferromagnetic material, such as iron or silicon steel, to enhance the magnetic coupling between the windings.

3. Windings: The primary winding is connected to the input AC voltage source, and the secondary winding is where the transformed voltage is taken out.

4. Operation: When AC voltage is applied to the primary winding, it creates a varying magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding. The ratio of the number of turns in the primary to the secondary windings determines the voltage transformation ratio.

5. Types of Transformers:
- Step-up Transformer: Increases the voltage from the primary to the secondary side.
- Step-down Transformer: Decreases the voltage from the primary to the secondary side.
- Isolation Transformer: Provides electrical isolation between the primary and secondary circuits, typically with a 1:1 voltage ratio, to prevent electrical shock and provide a degree of protection.